Small spacing led display trend in the coming years

Small spacing led display trend in the coming years

With the volume of LED full-color display packaging devices reduced, and the cost of the whole screen decreased rapidly, the products with smaller spacing continue to enter the market, the application of LED display began to move from outdoor to indoor.

Because of the different application environments, the requirements for the display screen are quite different between the outdoor display and the indoor display. The resolution, that is, the pixel spacing, is an important factor. For LED display, each self-luminous package device, the lamp bead, is a pixel point, so the distance between the two lamp beads determines the resolution of LED display in the unit area. Generally, the industry will indicate the product model by the distance between the lamp beads. For example, P10 product indicates that the distance between the two lamp beads on the screen is 10 mm.

Because of the large outdoor space, the viewing distance of the audience is generally far, and the human eye has a certain resolution limit, so when watching from a long distance, even if the point spacing of the LED display screen is far, it can meet the requirements. However, due to the limited indoor space, the viewing distance is generally smaller than outdoor, so it needs a display screen with smaller point spacing to meet the user's requirements for resolution, otherwise, it will affect the viewing effect.

Due to the limitation of the human eye's resolution, theoretically, the minimum pixel spacing that the human eye can distinguish under a certain viewing distance can be calculated by the principle of human eye imaging.

In the case of normal brightness and contrast, the resolution limit of the human eye to the pixel is about 1 '(1 / 60 of the 1-degree angle, called 1 point). Assuming that the screen height is h, the viewing distance is D, and the resolution of the screen height direction is n, the spacing of each pixel point is H / N, and the angle of view formed by this point in the human eye is arctg (H / N / D). If the angle of view is less than 1', it is beyond the resolution limit of the human eye.

We believe that for the small spacing LED display screen, the proportion of lamp beads in the cost has been high, so the rapid drop in the price of lamp beads will help promote the popularity of products. In fact, the "retina" screen used on Apple's iPhone is based on this principle. The pixel spacing of its LCD screen exceeds the limit of the resolution pixel distance of the human retina under the normal viewing distance of the mobile phone.

In different indoor application fields, there are different requirements for viewing distance, so the requirements for point spacing of LED display screen are generally different, but after exceeding the resolution limit of a certain distance for human eyes, products with smaller spacing will have no practical significance. Because the advantage area of LED display screen is large screen display of more than 110 inches, and even if 4K HD display effect is achieved on 110 inches, the 0.634mm point spacing product can meet the requirements, so we think that 0.634mm is the limit spacing of small spacing LED display screen determined by downstream demand, and smaller spacing will have no practical significance.

Because the farthest viewing distance in the room is generally 10 meters, and the products with a point spacing of 4 mm (P4) can meet the viewing requirements. Therefore, in the following research, we define the LED display products with a point spacing of less than 4 mm as a small spacing LED display screen, and its mainstream models include P4, p3.5, P3, p2.5, p1.9, P1.6, P1.4, etc.

With the progress and maturity of LED technology, the global LED display market has expanded rapidly. Although the growth rate was nearly zero in 2009 due to the impact of the global financial crisis, it quickly returned to the level of more than 20% in 2011. In 2013, the global LED display market scale was about 40.5 billion yuan.

Among them, China's LED display market accounts for the highest proportion in the world. In 2013, the scale of China's LED display market reached 19 billion yuan, accounting for nearly 50%. In the past few years, the growth rate of China's LED display market has always been higher than the global growth rate. We believe that with the emergence of small spacing fine pitch led screen LED display, LED display technology will move from outdoor application to indoor application, which will open up a new broad market. It is expected that the market scale of LED display in China and the world will still maintain a rapid growth in the next few years.

Globally, the market concentration of narrow pitch led screen LED displays is relatively low. Among the LED display manufacturers in the world, Daktronics is the largest in the United States, but its market share is also less than 10%, and 82% of its revenue comes from North America (2013 data). Barco, Belgium's second-largest producer of small pitch LED screen displays, is only slightly larger than China's domestic leader.

In terms of regional gross output value, Chinese LED display manufacturers have occupied the highest share in the world, benefiting from cost advantages and response speed, and relying on the huge market of mainland China. At the same time, from the change of market share in recent years, Chinese display manufacturers are using their advantages to squeeze the market share of overseas enterprises. China's leading small spacing LED display companies, not only grow faster than their foreign competitors but also their overseas businesses account for an increasing proportion of operating revenue.

In 2012, 44 LED display manufacturers in mainland China earned more than 100 million yuan, an increase of 4 over 2011. Among these 44 enterprises, 26 have incomes of more than 200 million yuan, and 5 have incomes of more than 500 million yuan.